History of Borneo (Kalimantan)

Island of Borneo (Kalimantan) is the island's third largest island in the world after Greenland and Papua Island. Area is the entire island of Borneo 736000 KM 2. Borneo island there are also crossing the mountains in north-east of the mountain is the highest peak of Mount Kinabalu at 4175 M. Island wet tropical climate with an average temperature of 24-25 degrees centigrade and passed by the equator.

Note that foreign nations have been in touch with the people on the island of Borneo since this century to about 1 M.

Based on the heritage-historical heritage artefacts that had found that the most ancient artefacts were found on the island of Borneo is the Kingdom of Kutei artefacts from the period of the century to the M-4 hindu beraliran, located on the east coast of the island. In fact, based on the findings of historical artefacts, the artefacts that Kutei Kingdom is the oldest artefacts findings in this archipelago.

In the 8th century Sriwijaya Kingdom M had in effect along the west coast of Borneo island and in this century to the M-14 Kingdom of Majapahit influence to almost all of this.

At the beginning of the century to the M-16 people came in Europe starting this Borneo island.

Based on the notes mentioned that the European people who come to Europe first this island of Borneo is the Italian named Ludovico de Verthana namely in the year 1507 M, which was then followed by the Portuguese who named Laurenco de Gomez in the year 1518 followed by continued M Spaniard named Ferdinand Magellen in the year 1519 the circumnavigate the world in a way, then followed by Dutch, English and French. Of people then this is the European name of Borneo in the know come from a people of Europe against the Kingdom of Brunei, because at that time the kingdom of the Kingdom of Brunei is the most dominant / largest on the island so that every stranger who comes in the island, will visit the Kingdom of Brunei and the name so that Brunei becomes the icon for this island, which was then dipelatkan Europe by the tongue into the Borneo and is used to hold the Dutch colonial occupation of "Island of Borneo."

Based on documents that have a written agreement between the European population to the island of Borneo in the year 1609 do M trade agreement between the company's trade with the Dutch VOC, namely King Panembahan Sambas Sapudak although the Queen and that trade relations between both parties is growing.

VOC covenant agreement with the Kingdom of the second on the island of Borneo is the Kingdom of Banjarmasin in the year 1664 by M. Summary VOC and more developed than in the east with the west of the island of Borneo because of the east Borneo Island border to the center of the world pepper the Maluku Islands.

During the arrival of the Europe that started this early in the century to the M-16 until then they came to the colonialism of 20th century M, Kingdom, Kingdom of the island of Borneo is in addition to the Sultanate of Brunei Sultanate of Banjarmasin, Sukadana Sultanate, Sultanate Sultanate of Sambas and Pontianak.

In connection with the attack of Napoleon to the Netherlands in part to a century-3 to M-18 and make all the strength of VOC in the archipelago is included in Borneo in the pull back to the Netherlands and the Dutch position in the archipelago is then replaced by English.

After you have finished the war with Napoleon, and the Netherlands occupy the position again in this archipelago, including on the island of Borneo, but this activity is no longer the Netherlands on behalf of the VOC, but directly by the Netherlands with the name of the Government of the Netherlands Indies.

In the year 1819 Sultan Pontianak to M-3 (Sultan Syarif Usman Qadri Al) Dutch government appointed to lead the Cambodgien Pontianak.

Until the year 1839 M, the influence of power on the island of Borneo is divided into 3 areas of the West in the power kuasai by Sultanate of Brunei, north-east of domination by the Sultanate of Sulu and in central and southern kuasai Dutch Government. Most of the Sultanate of Brunei and the Sultanate of Sulu and then seized by James Brooke who became King in Sarawak.

Government activities in the Dutch East Indies island of Borneo is much more aggressive than the VOC ago because at that time the Netherlands to compete hard with the British influence in the cop on the island of Borneo is especially diangkatnya after James Brooke (the UK) which is the White King in Sarawak in the year 1841. To anticipate the expansion of the influence of James Brooke to the area, the Dutch government and start year 1846 M travel team Ekspedisi Dutch Government through the entire region with the edge boundary region that dominated James Brooke. Ekspedisi first team led by Lieutenant D. II van Kessel exploring the west, and then followed by Ekspedisi team led by Dr. CM. Schwaner which to explore the east.

At the beginning of the southern island of Borneo and the Netherlands is dominated by divided government in the Dutch East Indies 3 Cambodgien Cambodgien namely South and East Coast, Cambodgien Cambodgien Sambas and Pontianak.

Then the Dutch government Cambodgien combine Sambas and Pontianak Cambodgien be called Borneo Westkust divide the overall area divided into 2 administrative regions, namely Westkust Borneo (Borneo in the west) and Limburg Oostkust Borneo (Borneo and the middle east) then this name change and become Westerafdeling Borneo ZuidOostterafdeling Borneo.

At the end of the period of Dutch colonialism in the island of Borneo there are 2 areas Residentie the Residentie Pontianak and Banjarmasin Residentie.

(http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo)