Biotechnology

Biotechnology is a branch of science that study the organism (bacteria, fungi, viruses, and others) or products of living creatures (enzyme, alcohol) in the production process to produce goods and services. Nowadays, the development of biotechnology is not only based on biology but also in the applied sciences and pure, such as biochemistry, computers, molecular biology, microbiology, genetics, chemistry, mathematics, and so forth. In other words, biotechnology is the science of applied science of combining the various branches in the production of goods and services.
Biotechnology is simply known by man since thousands of years ago. For example, in the field of food technology is the making of beer, bread, and cheese that has been known since 19th century, pemuliaan plant to produce new varieties-varieties in the field of agriculture, and animal reproduction and pemuliaan. In the medical field, the application of biotechnology in the past proved among others by the invention of vaccines, antibiotics, insulin, and although still limited in the amount due to the fermentation process is not perfect. Significant changes occurred after the discovery by Louis Pasteur bioreaktor. With this tool, the production of antibiotics and vaccines can be made in bulk.
At this time, biotechnology is growing rapidly, especially in the developed world countries. This finding marked with various technologies such as genetic engineering, network culture, rekombinan DNA, pengembangbiakan parent cells, cloning, and others. This technology allows us to obtain the healing of genetic diseases and chronic that can not be cured, such as cancer or AIDS. Research in the field of cell development also allows the parent of stroke or other diseases that cause loss or damage on the body can recover to normal. In the field of food, using genetic engineering technology, culture and network rekombinan DNA, the plant can be produced with the nature and superior product because it contains vitamin as compared to the more common plants, and also more resistant to pests and environmental stresses. Application of biotechnology in this period can also be found on the preservation of the environment from pollution. For example, in the decomposition of oil spill to the sea by the bacteria, and oxygen-oxygen decomposition of a toksik (poison) in the river or sea by using a new type of bacteria.
Progress in the field of biotechnology is not separated from the various controversies that encompass the development of technology. For example, cloning technology and genetic engineering of food crops to get criticism from various groups. http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioteknologi